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The Skåne Market or Scania market (Danish ''Skånemarkedet'', Swedish ''Skånemarknaden'') was a major fish market for herring which took place annually in Scania during the Middle Ages. From around 1200, it became one of the most important events for trade around the Baltic Sea and made Scania into a major distribution center for West-European goods bound for eastern Scandinavia.〔Etting, Vivian (2004). ''Queen Margrete I, 1353-1412, and the Founding of the Nordic Union'' (Chapter 5: "(The Great Herring Market in Scania" )). Brill, ISBN 90-04-13652-5, pp. 39-44.〕 The Scania Market continued to be an important trade center for 250 years and was a cornerstone of the Hanseatic League's wealth. The fair took place from August 24 to October 9, mainly in locations between the two Scanian towns of Skanör and Falsterbo at the southern mouth of Öresund, with much of the connected industry spread out on the surrounding peninsula, but Køge, Dragør, Copenhagen, Malmö, Helsingborg, Simrishamn, Ystad, and Trelleborg were also part of the Scania Market. Since the fishermen erected their trading booths and temporary shops close to the area where the herring was spawning, the exact locations of the Scania Market changed from year to year.〔(Skånemarknaden ). Terra Scaniae, 2007. In Swedish. Retrieved 27 August 2008.〕 ==Herring trade and salt import== The basis for the market's popularity was the rich herring fishing around the Falsterbo Peninsula. Legend tells that the herring fishery off the Scanian coast was so rich, that one could scoop up the fish with one's hands.〔 After a visit to the region in 1364, the French crusader Philippe de Mezieres wrote: "Two months a year, that is in September and October, the herring travel from one sea to the other through the Sound, by order of God, in such large numbers that it is a great wonder, and so many pass through the sound in these months, that at several places one can cut them with a dagger."〔Qtd. in Etting, Vivian (2004). ''Queen Margrete I, 1353-1412, and the Founding of the Nordic Union''. Brill, ISBN 90-04-13652-5, p. 39.〕 As early as the 12th century the peninsula had become a centre for the herring trade; the Scanian name for the town Falsterbo was ''Falsterbothe'', which meant "the booths for fish from Falster".〔 The 13th-century German chronicler Arnold of Lübeck, author of Chronicon Slavorum, wrote that the Danes had wealth and an abundance of everything thanks to the yearly catches of herring at the Scanian coast.〔 The laws of the city of Leiden in the 15th century stated that all herring sellers selling herring other than from Scania, should warn their customers with a clear marking.〔Weterings, E.J. Negen eeuwen markt in Leiden, 1996, Leiden〕 The demand for herring during this period was great; it was a fairly inexpensive source of protein for the populations around the Baltic during the winter and the Catholic Church demanded fasting (from meat), in Christ's following, in connection with Lent. Due to the large production and the great demand, the Scania Market became the most important North European market in the 14th century.〔 During the fishing season, the necessary salt and barrels for conservation came from Hanseatic Lüneburg and were provided by Hanseatic traders mainly from Lübeck. Lübeck also, to some extent, provided the Scanians with an additional work force, so called "gill-women" who cleaned the fish, ensuring a swift salting of the landed fish. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Skåne Market」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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